» KIDNEY STONES:-

Stones can form anywhere in the urinary system.  They develop when certain chemicals in the urine form crystals that stick together to form the stones.  Small stones can pass through the urinary system without causing too much complaint but the larger stones can block the flow of urine or irritate the lining of the urinary tract.

» CAUSE:-

Normal urine contains chemicals which prevent crystals from forming stones.  Factors such as recurrent urinary tract infection, drinking less fluids and blockage of the urinary tract lead to the stone formation.  Consuming too much calcium oxalate or uric acid in the diet,  excess vitamin C or D, certain meditation and metabolic disease may also lead to the development of  kidney stones.

» Symptoms:-

Kidney stones may remain without any symptoms for a long time. Episodes of severe pain starting suddenly in the lower back under the ribs or in the lower abdomen occur. Pain is often associated with vomiting.  It may last for minutes or hours followed by period of relief.  Bleeding in the urine may occur.  It there is associated urinary treact infection then burning during urination,  frequent urge to urinate.

» Precautions:-

Certain precautions can help to prevent the formation of kidney stones. There are:-
• Drink plenty of water daily.
• Large amount of dairy products or foods rich in oxalate should not be consumed in case of  a    calcium oxalate stone.
• Red meat must be restricted in care of uric acid stones